How Wind Turbines Have Improved With Time

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Courtesy;- TERI Newsletter

Global Wind Power Capacity and Challenges

Why killing wind energy sector of India?

Windfarms don't produce niceties for politicians and bureaucracy like solar, the most promising renewable source is being systematically killed.
Glimpses:-

• Lowering of tariff from 5.82 to 4.78 by MP.
• Holding commissioning certificates in Maharashtra.
• Not signing advance PPAs. in MP
• Plugging out windfarms in TN.

Solar will have "achhe din" was anticipated, but Wind will have such "Bure Din" was not thought of.

Digital Wind Farm in India

With launch of GE's windfarm solution alongwith machine 2.3-116 in India, a new era has begun.



 

It promises immediate upscaling of 20 %

Latest in Wind Energy

1. Global Wind Capacity is now more than nuclear:- Yes, despite all govt support to nuclear and despite 'big science' tag  and all dubious secrecy to nuclear, wind has taken over. Global wind capacity= 430 GW, nuclear = 380 GW. :-)

2. German major Senvion is coming to India: country’s target to commission 60GW wind projects by 2022. Its impact on the domestic market will be limited initially as the existing Indian wind market favours those makers who operate as a vertically integrated business – selling land, permitting and O&M together with the turbine — which Senvion does not do in India at the moment,” 

3. 92 Gamesa Turbines to come up:- S class 2 MW turbines manufactured in India only will soon be installed in AP and Karnataka sites.

Gamesa going great in India

Event:- Gamesa India ( Spanish origin) tied up with Rotek ( Russia ) for wind turbine equipments.

Gamesa plant on Mamandur near Chennai has started manufacturing nacelle.

Tallest Wind Tubine of World in India?

Data

• Height :- 120 m
• Type:- Hybrid ( Lattice Tubular ! )
• Place:- Kuchh ( Nani Ber)
• Make:- Suzlon
• Project:- 2000 MW Kutch Wind park
• Controversy:- Lattice towers were used in 1990s. Now for 120 m + designs, concrete+tubular are in use. Many experts say its bad design.

Big shots of wind energy

PLF and CUF of Windfarms in India

Different benchmarks have been fixed for CUF ( Capacity Utilisation Factor) in different states. This is important as deviation will decide the tariffs.
CUF varies from minimum 19 ( Odisha) to maximum 30 ( Maharashtra and Uttarakhand).

State with high CUF may contribute less to generation because:

• both low rating and high rating turbines are installed in some states.
• wake losses increase as number of turbines increase.
• wind pattern changes in due course of time.

Rapid Fire on Wind Energy

• What is Horns Rev2?  Ans ) It is one of the world's largest windfarm in North Se- Denmark. Dong Energy's Rs 3000 Crore 200 MW plant ( 2.3 MW turbines).
• What turbines are there in Theni windfarm of TN? Ans) Vestas V82 1.65 ( ordered by CLP).
• Which generator plant is located in Vengal- Chennai? Ans) WinWind
• Whose model is 1.5 XLE ? Ans) GE.
• Where is Gamesa's ( spanish wind major) plant in India? Ans) In Chennai having capacity of 500 MW per year.
• How many new offshore turbines Europe adds in a year? Ans) 300
• What is the latest wind power forecast tool? Ans) NWP model. 
• What's latest in offshore turbines? Ans) Floating turbines ! ( Hywind, windfloat)
• How many wind turbine manufacturers are there in India? Ans) 18 
• • Who has set up a wind turbine test center in Chennai? Ans ) Vesats
• • Where Gamesa is isntalling G9X-2 MW turbines with China's Guangdong? Ans) Inner Mongolia
• • When InWEA was set up? Ans) 2002
• How much offshore turbine installation vessel cost? Ans) USD 100,000

Some Wind Energy News

• Maneja in Gujrat manufactures ABB wind turbines ( 100 turbines in a month).
• India's wind energy states are KN,GJ,AP,TN,RJ,MH and MP.
• TamilNadu is the state where Suzlon thrives. Over 1500 MW intsalled capacity. Latest orders were from Techno-Electric.
• There are some 14000 wind turbines in India. Some 2000 of these are of 1.5 MW range. Some 100 of these are 2.1 MW range. ( mainly S88 of Suzlon).
• AMSC has supplied 2 MW doubly fed induction wind turbines to Inox.
• Thanet (UK) is the largest offshore windfarm ( 300 MW). 115 m tall Vantenfall turbines in 35 square km area mark the site.

Some rapid fire on Wind Energy

• Globally, Wind Power stands at 20 GW today and is growing by 25 % p.a.
• Germany, Denmark, Spain have almost utilized their full potential.
• Days of 100 feet towers are gone. Now 250 feet towers are in. ( Cost of tower used to offset value of extra electricity till now)
• Though 2 blade turbines capture almost same energy as 3 blade rotors, they fail to withstand wind gust.
• Europe produces some 12 GW wind poer ( Germany 6 GW, Denmark and Spain 2 GW each), US produces  5 GW.
• Capital Expenditure per MW stands Rs 40 million and the generation cost is Rs 3 per Unit.
• For financing 15 MW ( in 300 acres) project @ Rs 700 million:- Interest free foreign currency loan ( Rs 400 Million), Rupee term loan from ICICI ( Rs 120 million) and promotors contribution would be Rs 180 million.
• AWT, a unit of Denmark's NEG Micon has manufacturing plant in Chennai.
• China does wonders. In just one year it doubled its capacity to about 30 GW.
• NAPCC target of getting 5 % + electricity from renewables and addition of 15% capacity in next 10 years seem difficult to achieve.
• Hongkong based CLP s investing huge in India.

Whats new in wind energy ?

• Relacing old wind turbines with 2 MW machines:- Germany's wind energy association BWE is adding more and more capacity this way. The old turbines are being sold to Eastern Europe and Cuba.
• India faces resistance in Chinese market:- Suzlon is not finding it easy to penetrate into Chinese market.
• 2010 Capacity addition:- India comes 3rd ( 2130 MW ) . Asia added 20 GW and Europe added10 GW. Global capacity is 200 GW. China alone added 16 GW. ( Lead by Shinovel and goldwind China has wow capacity of 42 GW).
• New Offshore Mammoth:- Vestas has come up with 7 MW turbine now. This offshore machine is the most powerful one ever built. This 135 m ( 443 feet) tall giant has rotor dia of 164 m.
• New player in India:- Moventas of Finland is coming to India with big bang. The Indian partner is the secret to be revealed !

What's happening in wind energy sector?

Well, its buzzing with lots of activities all around the globe। In India:-

• Reliance power is coming up with 250 MW wind-solar plant at the cost of $600. Their target is to keep carbon emission limited to 850 gms per unit of electricity produced. They are coming p with a pit head super thermal plant of 3960MW at Satna in MP.
• So, the private sector is contributing a lot towards the wind energy development in India.
  Varun Industries is coming up with 5 windmills in Jaisalmer-Rajasthan and DLF already has a business worth Rs1000 Crore i wind energy setor.
• Govt. has not done as much as private players in wind sector, but things are changing fast. NHDC is coming up with 100 MW windfarm in Betul and Maharashtra govt. is planning to set up a SEZ for windfarm only.
• The question here is will India be able to meet the target of 10 % energy from renewable by 2015? At present only 4 % of total power is fed by renewables. 10% is a tall order since it means installations over 15 GW from renewable sources.

Latest information on wind energy

• Guess who is manufacturing blades of size 55 m( larger than an aircraft's wings) for 3MW wind turbines in Asia? Yes, its China. THey will have root dia of 2.3 m , maxm. width 4 m and will weigh 13.5 T. Designed as optimised airfoil, their wind energy utilisation coefficient is 0.49 and they are manufactured with state of art "vacuum infusion process"!
• Guess whats next size ? its going to be 60 m blades for 5 MW turbines.
• Want to know top 10 of wind players globally? Here it is :- 1. Vestas(Denmark) 4500 MW, 2.GE(US) 3300MW, 3.Gamesa(Spain) 3000 MW, 4.Enercon(Germany) 2700 MW, 5.Suzlon(India) 2000 MW, 6.Siemens(Den/Ger) 1500 MW, 7.Acciona(Spain) 900 MW, 8.Goldwind(China) 800 MW, 9. Nordex(Germany) 700 MW and 10.Sinovel (China) 500 MW.

Wind Energy Update

• Tatas are stepping ahead in wind energy market by acquiring "Niskalp" . Any guess who is this "Niscalp"? By the way, Tatas plans are really ambitious. The want 400 MW wind capacity in their cap.
• China didbetter than US in 2009 in wind turbine installations, but the major bottleneck in Chinese prograame is lack of transmission capacity.
• Suzlon , despite being in so much trouble that market advise is against its rights issue, bagged a big order of 23 turbines from China.
• In terms of percentage of power through wind, Spain is still the topper. 15% of their total production is from wind. India produces <>
• How much you think India has invested in Green Energy ? Its huge amount. $1 Billion.