Notes on renewable

Solar Module Degradation Testing:

Infrared camera hotspot detection

IV Curve testing

3 Acre/MW : 3.5 Cr/MW : 3 Lakh / MW

3 Acre = 200 m x 200 m 

Types of solar radiation : P 50, P70, P90

Softwares resolution: NASA 11 Km, Mitorn: 4 KM,  Solar GIS: 2 Km

DSM in solar

Grid Parity or 

God Parity = point when generation cost < transmission cost

Hope FY20 is better for wind and solar

Though net capacity addition in wind power generation for India in FY 19 was less than FY 18 in thermal also, dismal additions in renewables raises alarm bells. In FY17, 5.5 GW of wind was added and next year FY18 saw just 1.7 GW being added. Next year in FY19, situation became worse with only 1.4 GW got added. India is still 80% away from 2022 target of 60 GW. Increasing land acquisition and CUF declaration timelines to 3 years might help the situation in FY20, but DISCOMs remain major bottlenecks.

In solar, FY 19 added only 6.5 GW compared to 9.4 GW in FY18. High import duties on Chinese modules could be one of the reasons. Though decreased Chinese modules have been substituted by increase in import from Singapore and Thailand. 

India has already crossed 30 GW mark in solar and in FY 23 likely to surpass wind installations ( 37 GW presently), but still far away from 100 GW target for 2022. Recent SECI tender for 2GW CPSU make in India SPV did not do well (only 1.2 GW offered). 

How Wind Turbines Have Improved With Time

;-;-

Courtesy;- TERI Newsletter

Nacelle of ReGen 2 MW wind turbine

ReGen India is partner with Vensys Germany and above turbine is their amazing product on same 1.5MW platform.
Its rotor dia is 116m. and is designed for power density of 189W/sqm.
Its gearless.
Deploys Variable speed Synch Gen with PM excitation.

What tests are conducted on Wind Turbine Blades

Governing ISO : 17025
IEC std 61400-23

Other tests that are done:

1. Ultrasonic Scan
2. Measurements on Bolted Connections
3. Bearing strength test.
4. Local blade deformation measurement.
5. Infrared scan for fatigue tests.
6. Noise measurement.
7. Mass and stiffness distribution test.
8. Torsion stiffness test.

Welcome Senvion 2XM

Another small wind turbine spec

Another set of specs for small WT

Torque ranges required in the Wind Turbine Sector

Above illustration shown how wind turbine drive train segment has evolved.

Global Wind Power Capacity and Challenges

Inside the nacelle of Turbine

Why killing wind energy sector of India?

Windfarms don't produce niceties for politicians and bureaucracy like solar, the most promising renewable source is being systematically killed.
Glimpses:-

• Lowering of tariff from 5.82 to 4.78 by MP.
• Holding commissioning certificates in Maharashtra.
• Not signing advance PPAs. in MP
• Plugging out windfarms in TN.

Solar will have "achhe din" was anticipated, but Wind will have such "Bure Din" was not thought of.

Digital Wind Farm in India

With launch of GE's windfarm solution alongwith machine 2.3-116 in India, a new era has begun.



 

It promises immediate upscaling of 20 %

Latest in Wind Energy

1. Global Wind Capacity is now more than nuclear:- Yes, despite all govt support to nuclear and despite 'big science' tag  and all dubious secrecy to nuclear, wind has taken over. Global wind capacity= 430 GW, nuclear = 380 GW. :-)

2. German major Senvion is coming to India: country’s target to commission 60GW wind projects by 2022. Its impact on the domestic market will be limited initially as the existing Indian wind market favours those makers who operate as a vertically integrated business – selling land, permitting and O&M together with the turbine — which Senvion does not do in India at the moment,” 

3. 92 Gamesa Turbines to come up:- S class 2 MW turbines manufactured in India only will soon be installed in AP and Karnataka sites.

An ALTEM Video on installation

(C) with ALTEM

Save Water, Invest in Wind Energy

WATER CONSUMPTION--CONVENTIONAL POWER PLANTS
Technology gallons/kWh liters/kWh
    Nuclear 0.62 2.30
    Coal 0.49 1.90
    Oil 0.43 1.60
    Combined Cycle 0.25 0.95
Small amounts of water are used to clean wind turbine rotor blades in arid climates (where rainfall does not keep the blades clean). The purpose of blade cleaning is to eliminate dust and insect buildup, which otherwise deforms the shape of the airfoil and degrades performance.
Similarly, small amounts of water are used to clean photovoltaics (solar) panels. Water use numbers for these two technologies are as follows:
WATER CONSUMPTION--WIND AND SOLAR
Technology gallons/kWh liters/kWh
Wind [1] 0.001 0.004
Solar [2] 0.030 0.110
Wind therefore uses less than 1/600 as much water per unit of electricity produced as does nuclear, and approximately 1/500 as much as coal.
NOTES
[1] American Wind Energy Association estimate, based on data obtained in personal communication with Brian Roach, Fluidyne Corp., December 13, 1996. Assumes 250-kW turbine operating at .25 capacity factor, with blades washed four times annually.
[2] Meridian Corp., "Energy System Emissions and Materials Requirements," U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, DC. 1989, p. 23.

Small wind turbine-Specifications

Some specifications

Some body may comment pl if they are still working

Subsidies available

Draft Mission Document for Wind Energy

GOI ( MNRE ) has prepared a draft of mission Wind Power !

Following are the plans:-

• Generate capacity of 100 Gw of wind power by 2022.( Presently  than 20 GW).
  This will be an investment of over Rs 10 lakh crore.
• The potential is estimated at 300 Gw. 
• Extend the ‘generation based incentive for project developers for five years.( Will cosr Rs 18,000 Crore)
• This  ‘wind energy mission’ will be a part of  the National Action Plan for Climate Change (NAPPC).
•  Finance minister Arun Jaitley is likely to announce a slew measures in his budget including a 10-year tax holiday for wind power producers, concessions in customs duty and exemption in excise duty for procurement of technology and equipment for projects.
• Budget may also announce a ‘National Offshore Wind Energy Policy’ extending further fiscal sops in the form of exemption from service tax for services like conducting wind resource assessment, environment impact assessment (EIA), oceanographic study, utilisation of survey vessels and installation of vessels for these projects.
• The Budget 2013-14 gave a set of incentives for the wind sector. It reinstated generation-based incentive (GBI) that had resulted in the growth of the sector in the past. An incentive of 50 paise is provided for every unit of electricity generated under the GBI scheme.
• The government, also reinstated accelerated depreciation (AD) for wind sector last year. The AD scheme allowed investors to write down up to 80 per cent of the project cost as depreciation when calculating taxable profits.
• The withdrawal of AD and GBI schemes in 2012 had for wind energy projects led to fall in capacity addition with a mere addition of 1,800 MW new capacity in 2012-13 as against 3,000 MW in 2011-12.
•  About 7000 MW of offshore wind capacity has already been installed around the world and around the same capacity is under construction.

Gamesa going great in India

Event:- Gamesa India ( Spanish origin) tied up with Rotek ( Russia ) for wind turbine equipments.

Gamesa plant on Mamandur near Chennai has started manufacturing nacelle.

Tallest Wind Tubine of World in India?

Data

• Height :- 120 m
• Type:- Hybrid ( Lattice Tubular ! )
• Place:- Kuchh ( Nani Ber)
• Make:- Suzlon
• Project:- 2000 MW Kutch Wind park
• Controversy:- Lattice towers were used in 1990s. Now for 120 m + designs, concrete+tubular are in use. Many experts say its bad design.